From 52 years to today
La World Environment Day It has been celebrated since 1972 and is the United Nations' main vehicle for encouraging global awareness and action for the environment. The 2024 day, hosted by Saudi Arabia, focuses on land restoration, desertification and drought resilience with the slogan “Our land. Our future. We are #GenerationRestoration.” According to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, up to 40% of the planet's land is degraded, directly affecting half the world's population and threatening about half of global GDP ($44 trillion). The number and duration of droughts have increased by 29% since 2000: without urgent action, droughts could affect more than three-quarters of the world's population by 2050.
Revitalization of ecosystems
Land restoration is a key pillar of the United Nations Decade for Ecosystem Restoration (2021-2030), a call for the protection and revival of ecosystems around the world that is critical to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. 2024 marks the 30th anniversary of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. The sixteenth session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 16) to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) will be held in the Saudi capital, Riyadh, from 2 to 13 December 2024.
The ISPRA model
BIGBANG model created by ISPRA which analyses, at present, the national hydrological situation from 1951 to 2023 providing a detailed picture of the components of the hydrological balance and the renewable water resource. National hydrological balance: focus on drought and natural availability of renewable water resources. Update to 2022 As shown in the assessments reported in the ISPRA Report, in 2022 the country reached the historic minimum, from 1951 to today, of annual availability of water resources (-50% compared to the annual average referring to the thirty-year climatological period 1991-2020 ), a situation also aggravated by above-average temperature values, which increased the rate of evapotranspiration. The report also analyzes the serious and persistent drought that affected Italy in 2022 and which, in some areas of the territory, manifested itself already at the end of 2021 and persisted until the first months of 2023. The analyzes show that, where consider as an indicator of the severity of the drought the percentage of the national territory that was subject to extreme drought during the same year, 2022 was the sixth driest year in Italy since 1952.
Drought and water severity
Percentage of Italian territory subject to precipitation deficit and surplus. On the basis of this indicator, which provides an evaluation of the conditions of humidity (precipitation surplus compared to climatology) and drought (precipitation deficit compared to climatology) to which a territory is subject, an increase in the percentage of the Italian territory was found subject to extreme drought on an annual basis, starting from the beginning of the 50s, in line with what was also found at a European level, strictly dependent on the already ongoing impact of climate change.
Drought bulletin
Practical tool for quantifying and monitoring drought conditions in Italy and Europe on a large scale, with references to the bulletins of the regions with the highest information detail
State of water severity at a national scale
Portal containing the state of water severity on a national scale based on the findings of the permanent district observatories for water uses and the updates communicated by the District Basin Authorities.
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