COMPONENTS OF THE STRIPED BARREL CARTRIDGE
-
bullet
-
cartridge case
-
gunpowder
-
case back
-
capsule
Il cartridge case it is structured like a tube, generally made of brass, which has the task of accommodating all the components guaranteeing an airtight seal that is also an impediment to the penetration of moisture.
At the base of the case the brass is worked to create a circular groove, which has the purpose of allowing the case to be hooked by the loading and extraction mechanisms of firearms. This section is defined case back.
At the center of the caseback is the capsule that performs the function once hit by the firing pin of the firearm to release a flame that sets fire to the gunpowder.
La gunpowder fills the entire cylinder making up the case and can reach up to contact with the bullet.
Il bullet it is an element of ogival shape made up of lead for its completeness.
The closure of the pellets can be achieved by folding the case or by placing a waterproof cardboard on it.
I hunting pellets, of different sizes, are of pure lead or mixed with nickel (nickel-plated lead); the latter appear more resistant to deformations and are more effective in their motion.
The cartridge for rifled shotguns (otherwise known as "carbine“), It does not differ in the construction concept from those used in the twentieth century in long weapons for military use (rifles, automatic assault weapons, machine guns). However, there is a basic concept that characterizes a substantial difference:
-
for military ammunition there has always been the criterion that the shot reaches the opponent it is not meant to wreak havoc (except special purpose bullets) the body but simply knock out the opponent. To pursue this objective, the lead bullet is covered with a much harder jacket that prevents the lead from deforming on impact with the body and therefore destroying.
-
for hunting ammunition the concept is different. The sweet lead has to wreak havoc to download the maximum of its energy to make the wild die almost instantly, effectively reducing suffering to a minimum. The bullet therefore tends to deform a lot on impact with the body.
Regarding the calibers, there are various identification systems in use in the various countries:
-
il European system identifies a caliber with two parameters: diameter and height of the case expressed in millimeters as well as any letter that identifies the type of caseback. Thus, for example, the 7 x 57 caliber presents ammunition with a 57 mm high case and a 7 mm diameter.
-
il Anglo-Saxon system differs from the previous one since the caliber is identified by the unit of measurement of the inch (1 inch corresponds to 24,5 mm). The denomination is given by putting a period and eliminating the zero. So for example a caliber that is 0,223 inches is called .223; sometimes in the caliber expressed in numbers we find the name of the manufacturer or the inventor (in the market we find ammunition of the type .223 Remingot or .308 Winchester).
-
for the oldest calibers over time it was customary to identify the type with two numbers separated by hyphens: the first referred to the diameter of the bullet (in hundredths of an inch) in second to the weight in of black powder expressed in grains. So for example .45-70 caliber has a case diameter of 0,45 inches and a content of 70 grains of black powder.
-
However, there are exceptions, we mention one in particular because we are talking about the main ammunition for the wild boar the 30-06. The 30 measures the diameter in hundredths of an inch, the 06 corresponds to the year in which the American army had it supplied (1906).
|