La Common hare belongs to the order Lagomorpha, family Leporidae, is also commonly called European hare. The Common hare it is a species of intermediate size, with a body length between 48 and 70 cm, a tail of 7-11 cm and a foot of 11-16 cm. There Lepre larger than the wild rabbit and has longer ears (8-14 cm). It is distinguished from this also by the more slender appearance and the straight gait. The color of the coat is fawn or reddish-brown, almost whitish on the belly, never markedly mottled, and allows it to be distinguished from Alpine hare during the summer period (during the winter the second presents instead the white coat). There Common hare hat a very particular gait: the legs leave typical “Y” -shaped traces on the ground, where the hind feet are placed obliquely high, while the front legs are one behind the other, low and in a central position. They are respectively the take-off and landing point of rather long jumps in series. Other visible traces are the grazing, very evident especially in the wheat and barley fields between winter and spring, and the rounded faeces in the feeding areas.
The Common hare: Habitat and distribution range.
The common hare it lives from lowland areas up to about 1500 m of altitude and, sometimes, up to 2000 m asl in the Alps (2600 m in the Apennines). It frequents different types of habitats: cultivated areas, sparse woodlands, meadows and uncultivated areas. There hare is a solitary animal; groups (however small in size) are formed only during the age of courtship. There hare active mostly in the hours at sunset and at night, when it is easier to meet it in open spaces, especially meadows, where it is dedicated to food activities. In less disturbed areas it is also encountered during the day. For rest there common hare it uses bushes and wood edges, hedges and areas densely covered with vegetation. The diet includes numerous wild and cultivated plant species, but also shrub shoots and tree bark. Reproduction runs from February to September, a period in which 3 to 5 births can occur; gestation lasts about 40 days and the young are born in number of 1-6 per litter. Females of hare they can be fertilized when the pregnancy is already in progress: in this way the numbers can increase considerably. The European range extends from western countries to Siberia and south-western Asia, with few gaps at the northern and southern limits of the range. In Italy the hare it is widespread throughout the peninsular territory and absent from Sicily and Sardinia, where it is replaced respectively by Italic hare and Sardinian hare. On the Alpine Arch it is replaced by the Alpine hare.
The Common Hare: Population size and trend.
The European contingents fluctuate between 0,2-0,7 individuals of hare per hectare and many are considered stable or locally in moderate decline (Mitchell-Jones et al., 1999). While not having sufficient quantitative data on the size, in the last 50 years the Italian populations of Lepre common are considered to be in gradual decline, as is also the case in many other European countries.
The Common Hare: Conservation and management.
La common hare it would not present conservation problems. However, there is a now known phenomenon of decline, due in part to intensive hunting for hare unregulated, partly due to the increase in intensive monocultural practices, which subtract diversity from the environment (Prigioni et al., 2001). The presence of man also negatively affects the species, especially in terms of an increase in the road network and an increase in traffic, which determine investments and partitioning of the habitat (Spagnesi & De Marinis, 2002). The populations of hares they are stable in some protected areas, where the techniques of traditional agriculture have been maintained. Repopulations with bred or imported subjects (35-40.000 individuals per year) have also often been resorted to, which have not given appreciable results, with the exception of a temporary increase immediately after immissions; on the contrary, the practice increases the vulnerability of the original populations to diseases and parasites, as well as causing genetic pollution, and is therefore not recommended (Prigioni et al., 2001).
__fg_link_0__ due to its smaller size, the body of a more squat shape, the hind limbs longer than the forelegs. The color of the coat ranges from sandy to dark gray-brown; the back is reddish, the abdomen and the lower part of the ...
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