With the heat and the summer the walks with our four-legged friend they are inevitable. The green spaces, in close proximity to rivers o humid areas, even if ideal for cooling, hide many pitfalls for our dog. In addition to the presence of insects, fleas and ticks, in the wetlands you can run into sand flies. The phlebotomist known as "sand fly”, Whose appearance is similar to that of a mosquito or a gnat is very dangerous for our hunting companion.
Sand flies are present on the banks of rivers from May ad October, usually appear during the sunset. They were initially widespread in tropical areas, sub tropical and in the basin of the Mediterranean. With climate change and rising temperatures, these have also spread to areas since temperate weather and in the areas of Northern Italy. Insects transmit to the dog, through the sting, microorganism named Leishmania Infantum who is responsible for the disease. It could also affect humans, but not through direct contagion. Transmission does not occur with human-dog and dog-dog proximity. It is only the insect that acts as an incubator and transmits the disease with the sting.
I symptoms of leishmaniasis not are immediate, appear after a few weeks, in some cases even months after the pappatacio sting. Disease does not always follow. Lots of dogs even if infected they remain for life without symptoms and clinical manifestations. It all depends on the reaction of the animal to the microorganism. THE hounds in which the insect bite becomes symptomatic. The manifestation of the syndrome can occur individually or simultaneously and have consequences of various kinds and types cutaneous is visceral.
La cutaneous leishmaniasis leads dermatitis dry exfoliative. It can degenerate and turn into alopecia. In this case it affects the area around the eyes, the legs and the back. In some cases they can manifest themselves ulcer, with rare cases of bleeding, in the area of the eyes, ears and nose. The most serious consequences of the plagues are theenlarged lymph nodes. In addition to the skin area, leishmaniasis can occur in the areas of the nails. In these cases they grow rapidly and yes thicken exponentially, causing the onychogryphosis. Even the bones they can suffer the consequences of the bite of sand flies. In this case they can cause articolar pains and in the worst cases the extra.
La visceral leishmaniasis affects the internal organs, so the consequences for our four-legged friend are more dangerous. The dog can be hit ai Reindeer resulting in insufficiency, but can also manifest itself with vomiting and diarrhea. As a consequence the animal will have loss of appetite and weight loss. In the worst case and with the worsening of the syndrome it can have neurological consequences and in the extreme case also the coma.
Illness can sometimes lead to the death of our faithful companion. So it's important monitor symptoms that make us suspicious and immediately consult a veterinarian which will carry out a series of analysis. Research has currently made significant progress in counteracting the fatal effect of the syndrome. Vaccines and a mix of medicine they led to the remission of leishmaniasis, but not yet its elimination. With the new treatments it will be possible to keep the disease under control e reduce their aggression. The dog can thus have a long and normal life.
Although the treatments have made significant progress, the most important thing is reduce exposure to stings. So better avoid walking evening and it is better to do it sleep in the shelter overnight. This is the time frame in which the danger of being stung is greatest. If the dog has its own closed kennel, it is better to arrange it with mosquito nets tightly woven. The best weapon in any case is the prevention.
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