Wolf: From Iconic Predator to Problem for Coexistence with Man
In recent decades, the wolf (Canis lupus) has experienced a surprising recovery in Europe, becoming a symbol of success for wildlife conservation. However, this growth has come at a significant cost to agriculture and the safety of rural communities. In Italy, the damage caused by wolves to livestock has multiplied, with increasingly frequent attacks on flocks, cattle and other livestock, bringing entire economic sectors linked to pastoralism to their knees.
Added to this picture is a worrying fact: increasing reports of wolves approaching inhabited areas and, in some extreme cases, attacks on humans. This forced coexistence has highlighted the need for a change in the management policies of the species, both to protect humans and their activities and to guarantee an adequate state of conservation of the wolf.
A turning point in wolf management
The Permanent Committee of the Bern Convention recently approved a major change to the protection status of the wolf in Europe. From 7 March 2025, the species will move from “strictly protected” to “protected”, a change that paves the way for more flexible management measures. This decision, supported by several European states, is the result of years of debate on the increasing difficulties of coexistence between the wolf and human activities.
In Italy, this reclassification could allow for more targeted interventions in areas affected by excessive wolf presence. Possible measures include controlled culling, advanced deterrent tools, and greater support for farmers to protect their livestock.
The Italian challenge: finding the balance between conservation and protection of human activities
Italy, with its long agricultural and pastoral tradition, is one of the countries most exposed to damage caused by wolves. The Apennine and Alpine areas have been particularly affected, with significant economic losses and a growing sense of insecurity among local communities.
Reclassifying the wolf does not mean abandoning its protection, but rather adopting a more balanced and pragmatic management. The new regulations could represent an opportunity to implement innovative and science-based solutions, ensuring both the conservation of the species and the safeguarding of human activities.
This step represents a victory for farmers and hunters, who for years have been calling for more incisive interventions to limit the damage and restore balance to the Italian countryside.
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